Key Terms:
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The Age of Reason
- Written by Thomas Paine's accusing churches of trying to acquire "power and profit" and to "enslave mankind'.
Deism
- Religious doctrine that supported reasoned moral behavior and the scientific pursuit of knowledge.
Unitarians
- The belief of a unitary deity, they rejected the divinity of Christ and supported the inherent goodness of mankind.
Second Great Awakening
- The religious revival that had massive "camp meetings" and resulted in widespread conversion.
Burned-Over District
- Western New York that was swept up during the Second Great Awakening and didn't have any more people to convert.
Mormons
- People who followed the religious beliefs of Joseph Smith who founded the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints. They migrated west and created a great settlement in Utah.
lyceum
- A public lecture hall that invited speakers on topics from science to moral philosophy.
American Temperance Society
- Founded in Boston as a contribution to the growing effort to limit alcohol consumption.
Maine Law of 1851
- Law prohibiting the manufacturing and sale of alcohol.
Women's Rights Convention at Seneca Falls
- The gathering of feminist activist at Seneca Falls and Elizabeth Stanton read her "Declaration of Sentiments" which said that "All men and women are created equal"
New Harmony
- Communal society that had a wide range of different individuals that fell through because of fighting and confusion after 2 years.
Brook Farm
- A transcendentalist commune that believed in living plainly while pursuing the life of mind; they fell into debt and fell through when their home was burned.
Oneida Community
- A radical utopian community that believed in "free love", birth control, and eugenics. They decided which two people should have a baby.
Shakers
- They believed in simple communal living and expected to practice celibacy but they died out because they weren't allowed to reproduce so the only new people they could get were converts.
Federal Style
- National style of architecture which borrowed from neoclassical models using symmetry, balance, and restraint.
Greek Revival
- A building styles that copied ancient Greek structures trying to get a democratic architectural vernacular.
Hudson River school
- An American artistic movement that created romantic renditions of local landscapes.
minstrel shows
- White actors would perform with a black face in shows.
romanticism
- A movement in literature and the arts that believed in imagination over reason, nature over civilization, intuition over calculation, and oneself over society.
transcendentalism
- Literary and intellectual movement that believed in individualism and self-reliance.
"The American Scholar"
- The speech giving at Harvard by Ralph Waldo Emerson; he declared intellectual independence from Europe.